🔬 research¶
U.S. research & development statistics from NSF NCSES: national R&D expenditure by performing sector and funding source (National Patterns), federal R&D obligations by agency and performer (Federal Funds), and Higher Education R&D (HERD) expenditure by institution, field, and funding source. R&D is the innovation input; joined to patents (the innovation output) on (state_fips, year) it yields patents-per-R&D-dollar productivity, and to geo/edu for place- and institution-level analysis.
4 datasets · 25 columns
nsf_national_rd · table¶
NSF NCSES National Patterns of R&D — the top-line macro view of U.S. research spending, from Table 1 (1953→latest). One row per year × decomposition. The all/all total row carries total R&D in current and constant (2017-chained) USD millions plus R&D-as-%-of-GDP; the per- performing-sector (Business / Federal government / Higher education / Other) and per-funding-source (Business / Federal / Other) rows carry R&D-as-%-of-GDP only — Table 1 publishes those breakdowns as shares of GDP, not dollars. Semantically joins econ.fred_indicators (R&D-share-of-GDP) and is the national context for nsf_herd_by_institution.
| Column | Type | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
year |
integer | no | Statistics year (partition column; emitted from the Table 1 row) |
performing_ |
string | yes | Business / Federal government / Higher education / Other; "All performers" on source-decomposition and total rows |
funding_ |
string | yes | Business / Federal / Other; "All sources" on performer-decomposition and total rows |
rd_ |
string | yes | R&D type; Table 1 reports total R&D only ("Total") |
rd_ |
double | yes | Total R&D expenditure in current USD millions; populated only on the all/all total row (Table 1 gives per-sector breakdowns as % of GDP, not dollars) |
rd_ |
double | yes | Total R&D expenditure in constant 2017 USD millions; populated only on the all/all total row |
pct_ |
double | yes | R&D as a share of GDP (percent) — total on the all/all row, and by performing sector / funding source on the breakdown rows |
nsf_federal_rd_obligations · table¶
NSF NCSES Survey of Federal Funds for R&D — federal R&D obligations by funding agency × performing sector for the latest fiscal year in the publication (Table 7). Values in current USD millions. rd_field is "All fields" and rd_type is "Total R&D" (Table 7 does not break these out). The reference fiscal year is read from the table title. Shows which federal agencies fund research and where it flows; the agency name aligns with fiscal.usaspending agency budgets for the R&D slice.
| Column | Type | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
year |
integer | no | Federal fiscal year (partition column; read from the Table 7 title) |
funding_ |
string | yes | Federal agency (or sub-agency) obligating funds; "All agencies" for the national total row |
performing_ |
string | yes | Intramural — Federal agencies / Intramural — FFRDCs / Businesses / Higher education / Nonprofit organizations / State and local government / Non-U.S. performers |
rd_ |
string | yes | S&E field; "All fields" (Table 7 aggregates over field) |
rd_ |
string | yes | R&D type; "Total R&D" (Table 7 aggregates over type) |
obligations_ |
double | yes | Federal R&D obligations in current USD millions ("*" in source rounds to 0.0) |
nsf_herd_by_institution · table¶
NSF NCSES Higher Education R&D (HERD) survey — R&D expenditure by academic institution × S&E field × funding source × year, from the per-year institution microdata (herd{year}.csv, a tall EAV file). Projects the two R&D-expenditure question families: "Federal expenditures by field and agency" (funding_source=Federal, federal_agency=column) and "Nonfederal expenditures by field and source" (funding_source=column). Values in USD thousands. Carries the IPEDS UnitID crosswalk into edu and state_fips into geo; the finest-grained NCSES table and the state×year R&D-spend half of the patents-per-R&D-dollar productivity join.
| Column | Type | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
year |
integer | no | Fiscal year of expenditure (partition column; from the HERD year field) |
inst_ |
string | yes | Unique campus identifier (1:1 with the institution, survives name changes); the institution key in the PK |
ncses_ |
string | yes | NCSES parent/system id — coarser than inst_id (one id can span several campuses); for system-level rollups |
institution |
string | yes | Institution legal name (inst_name_long); descriptive |
ipeds_ |
int | yes | IPEDS UnitID — FK to edu.ipeds_institutions.unitid; null when NCSES did not match the institution |
state_ |
string | yes | 2-digit state FIPS derived from inst_state_code (FK to geo.state_ref) |
county_ |
string | yes | County FIPS — not published in HERD microdata (always null) |
control |
string | yes | Institutional control (Public / Private) — not resolved from microdata (null) |
rd_ |
string | yes | S&E field (row label of the expenditure question); "All R&D fields" for totals |
funding_ |
string | yes | Federal for the federal-agency question; otherwise the nonfederal source (Institution / State & local / Business / Nonprofit / All other) |
federal_ |
string | yes | Sponsoring federal agency (HHS/NIH, DOD, NSF, DOE, NASA, …); null unless funding_source = Federal |
rd_ |
double | yes | R&D expenditure in USD thousands |
research_herd_rd_by_state_year · view¶
HERD R&D expenditure aggregated to state × year — the R&D-spend half of the patents-per-R&D-dollar productivity ratio. Join to patents.patent_assignees (grant counts by state_fips × grant_year) to compute innovation input ÷ output.
View — columns are resolved by the query engine at runtime.